Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research
National Institute of Psychology (NIP), Center of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University, publishes Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research (PJPR) Quarterly (March, June, September, and December). It remained biannual for 32 years earlier from 1986 to 2018. eISSN and DOI (Cross-Ref) for articles published in PJPR have been secured in 2019. All issues of PJPR are accessible on the official website www.pjprnip.edu.pk.
PJPR has maintained excellence in regularity and quality in publication and is abstracted in Scopus and HJRS of Higher Education Commission, it is ranked as ‘Y’ category. It provides a platform to fully document national and international researches in the field of Psychology and sister disciplines like behavioral sciences, management sciences, education, sociology, anthropology, library sciences, etc. through utilizing the blind-reviewing process. Foreign participation is highly appreciated. Consulting Editors from all over the world and Advisory Board facilitate PJPR to sustain its excellence. Currently, PJPR is abstracted in Proquest, Scopus, PsychInfo, Gale-Cengage, Ulrich Periodical Directory, EBSCO, Questia, ROAD, and E-libraries of many international universities.
Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief
Prof. Dr. Rubina Hanif
National Institute of Psychology,
Centre of Excellence,
Quaid-i-Azam University,
Islamabad, Pakistan
Advisory Board Members
- Anastasia Efklides, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
- Thomas M. Holtgraves, Ball State University, USA
- Rukhsana Kausar, Government College for Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
- Najma Najam, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Barry Ruback, Penn State University, USA
- Razia Sultana, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Editorial Board Members
- Aisha Zubair
- Humaira Jami
- Irum Naqvi
- Sobia Masood
- Naeem Aslam
- Nelofar Kiran Rauf
- Raiha Aftab
- Syed M. Imran Bukhari
National Institute of Psychology,
Centre of Excellence,
Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Managing Editors
- Gulnaz Sehar
- Fahad Mukhtar
- Amna Farooq
Consulting Editors
Abdel Aziz M. Thabet, Al Quds University, Ghaza
Adnan Adil, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
Ala’Aldin Al-Hussaini, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
Alison Taysun, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
Ambrin F. Masood, Montana State University, Billings, USA
Aneela Maqsood, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Pakistan
Aneeza Bashir, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
Anila A. Malik, University of Karachi, Pakistan
Anis-ul-Haque, National University of Modern Language, Pakistan
Aryani Tri Wrastari, University of Airlangga, Indonesia
Ashok Sharma, Indira Gandhi National Open University, India
Asir Ajmal, Lahore, Pakistan
Asoke Kumar Saha, Jagannath University, Bangladesh
Azam Tahir, University of Balochistan, Pakistan
Balbinder Singh, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar
Barry Ruback, Penn State University, USA
Bull Raymond, University of Leicester, England
Bushra Hassan, International Islamic University, Pakistan
Cecilia A. Essau, Roehampton University, England
Chris Fife-Schaw, University of Surrey, England
Cynthia L. S. Pury, Clemson University, USA
Dennis G. Fisher, California State University, USA
Donna Baird, University of Maryland University College, USA
Erum Irshad, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Eve Isham Atchariya, The University of Arizona, USA
Farah Malik, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
Fayyaz Ahmed Anjum Preston University, Pakistan
Fazaila Sabih, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Medical College Mir Pur, AJK, Pakistan
Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos, The University of South Australia, Australia
Fizza Sabir, The University of Adelaide, Australia
Ghazala Rehman, Surrey, England
Ghulam Ali Arain, University of Lahore, Pakistan
Gina Pauli, Roehampton University, England
Gulnaz Zahid, National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan
Gulsun Eby, Anadolu University, Turkey
Habib Ahmed, New Delhi, India
Hafsa Khalil Toor, Foundation University School Science and Technology, Pakistan
Hans Koot, Vrije University Amsterdam, Netherlands
Haziq Mehmood, University of Management and Technology, Pakistan
Ian Grey, Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland Medical School, Ireland
Inge Seiffge-Krenke, University of Mainz Staudinger, Germany
Irene H. Frieze, University of Pittsburgh, USA
Jaime Diaz-Granados, American Psychological Association, USA
Jamil A. Malik, Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan
Jayanti Basu, Calcutta University, India
Jennifer E. Lansford, Duke University, USA
Jim Cameron, Saint Mary’s University, Canada
John H. Krantz, Hanover College, USA
John Xin-an-Zhang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
Judith Sixsmith, Metropolitan University, England
K. B. Kumar, Sweekaar Academy of Rehabilitation Sciences, India
Karen L. Bierman, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
Lancy D’Souza, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
Laurent Sovet, Paris Descartes, France
Lawerence H. Gerstein, Ball State University Muncie, USA
Louise Porter, Griffith University, Australia
Louise T. Higgins, University of Chester, England
Maan A. Barry, University of Aden, Yemen
Mah Nazir Riaz, Peshawar, Pakistan
Maher Bano, Peshawar, Pakistan
Mahfooz A. Ansari, University of Lethbridge, Canada
Mamoona Ismail Loona, International Islamic University, Pakistan
Manjula Vithanapathirana, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
Margaret Clark, Yale University, USA
Maria E. Aguilar-Vafaie, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
Marion Porath, University of British Columbia, Canada
Melissa Birkett, Northern Arizona University, USA
Michael Wang, University of Leicester, England
Muhammad Jahanzeb Khan, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Muhammad Rafiq, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
Muhammad Raza Irani, Islamic Azad University, Iran
Muhammad Saleem, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Muhammad T. Khalily, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Pakistan
Najia Zulfiqar, The University of Haripur, Pakistan
Najma I. Malik, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
Najma Najam, University of Punjab, Pakistan
Narasappa Kumaraswamy, University Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
Naumana Amjad, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
Nazia Iqbal, International Islamic University, Pakistan
Nilüfer Pembecio?lu, Istanbul Universitesi, Turkey
Peter Howell, University College London, England
Peter K. Smith, Goldsmith’s University of London, England
Phil Reed, University of Wales Swansea, England
Poulomee Datta, Macquarie University, Sydney Australia
Rajnesh Choubsia, BITS Pilani, India
Ralph W. Hood, University of Tennessee, USA
Rayna Sadia, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Richard Shavelson, Stanford University, USA
Richard Velleman, University of Bath, UK
Rifat M. Zaman, Agha Khan University Hospital, Pakistan
Ruhi Khalid, Beacon House National University, Pakistan
Ruthaychonnee Sittichai, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand
Sadaf Ahsan, Foundation University, Pakistan
Saima Ambreen, University of Balochistan, Pakistan
Saima Kalsoom, Bahria University, Pakistan
Salma Siddiqui, National University of Science and Technology, Pakistan
Saman Attiq, Air University, Pakistan
Sarwat Sultana, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
Seema Munaf, University of Karachi, Pakistan
Seema Pervez, Switzerland, Geneva
Shahid Irfan, Foundation University School Science and Technology, Pakistan
Shahida Batool, Govt. College University, Pakistan
Shakira Huma Siddiqui, National University of Modern Language, Pakistan
Shazia Youssaf, Bahria University, Pakistan
Sheikh Shahidullah, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Shumaila Yousafzai, Gardiff University, England
Steven R. Shaw, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Stuart J. McKelive, Bishop’s University, Canada
Sukhdeep Gill, The Pennsylvania State University, New York, USA
Sumara Masood Ul Hassan, University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan
Susmita Halder, St Xavier’s University Kolkata, India
Syeda Salma Hassan, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
Tanvir Akhtar, Foundation University, Pakistan
Thomas Michael, Holtgraves, Ball State University Muncie, USA
Tian Po Oei, The University of Queensland, Australia
Vivienne Lewis, University of Canberra, Australia
Vostanis Panos, University of Leicester, England
Walid Hassan Ibrahim, Ain Shams University, Cairo Egypt
Waseem Fayyaz, Gordon College, Pakistan
Zafar A. Ansari, California, USA
Zahid Mahmood, University of Management and Technology, Pakistan
Zainab F. Zadeh, Bahria University, Karachi, Pakistan
Instruction to Author(s)
Manuscript should be double-spaced typewritten (do not justify) with 12 font size, printed on one side of 8.5 x 11 inches white paper with 1 inch margin on all sides. It should be prepared according to Publication Manual of American Psychological Association (2009, 7th ed.).
Abstract should be between 150 to 250 words and must include a brief summary of study including description about sample, instruments, method, and not more than five to six most noteworthy results. Also supply up the preferred key words for the study.
References should be formatted according to APA Manual (2009, 7th ed.). Each listed reference should be cited in the text and each text citation should be listed in References.
Submission of the manuscript is made electronically; also send two paper (hard) copies to The Editor, Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research (PJPR), National Institute of Psychology (NIP), Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University, (New Campus), Islamabad, Pakistan. A signed cover letter by author and co-author(s) must be submitted stating that the manuscript is not under concurrent consideration elsewhere. Editor and NIP accept no responsibility for the statements and opinions given by authors in the Journal.
Correspondence between editorial office and author(s) will be done through email. Please give email address that corresponding author intends to keep for couple of years after publication.
Plagiarism factor is required to be addressed by authors through submitting the permission letter for the copyrighted material which are given in the manuscript but are not the authors’ original work e.g., tables/figures borrowed from any other source, data of any other study, test material (or portion thereof) mentioned in the manuscript. Authors are also required to submit a report for index of similarity generated by ‘turnitin’ according to the guidelines of Higher Education Commission. Editor and editors of PJPR accept no responsibility for such material given by authors in the Journal.
Masked peer review policy is followed in PJPR. For this author(s) should make sure that the names and affiliation are given in cover letter only. There should be no clue of the author(s’) identity in the manuscript for keeping the process of editing more objective and fair.
Authors’ Note should be detailed covering all author(s’) names, their number in authorship, affiliations, and should include to whom future correspondence should be directed. For this postal and email addresses of the corresponding author must be provided. Affiliation at the time of study, acknowledgments, grant related information for the study, etc. and change in affiliation/address, if it has changed after submission, of any of the author should be brought into the notice of the Editor. PJPR authorities are not responsible for the information given in the authors(s)’ related footnotes.
Annual Subscription Details
For Individuals:
Pakistan: 10,000 PKR, for Four Issues (2500 PKR Per Issue)
Foreign : 200 US$, for Four Issues (50 US$, Per Issue)
For Institutions:
Pakistan: 20,000 PKR, for Four Issues (5000 PKR Per Issue)
Foreign : 400 US$, for Four Issues (100 US$, Per Issue)
Payment Method
Fee can be paid by cheque, draft, online deposit or electronic transfer to the following account:
Account Title: Printing of Journal (NIP)
Account Number: 01500390007549 (For National Level)
IBAN: PK40ASCM0001500390007549 (For Foreign/International Level)
Branch Address: Askari Bank, Bhra Kahu Sub Branch, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.
Address Manuscript Submission and All Correspondence to
The Editor-in-Chief
Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research (PJPR)
National Institute of Psychology,
Centre of Excellence,
Quaid-i-Azam University
Islamabad, Pakistan
Fax: +92-51-2896012; Tel: +92-51-90644047
www.pjprnip.edu.pk; [email protected]